Welcome to Cardiology Today – Recorded September 27, 2025. This episode summarizes 5 key cardiology studies on topics like amiodarone and mortality. Key takeaway: Hypertension Kills Young Adults: A U.S. Crisis.
Article Links:
Article 1: Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Following TAVR: Long-Term Comparative Outcomes Versus Non-SAVR Cardiac Surgery. (The American journal of cardiology)
Article 2: Effect of Amiodarone after Catheter Ablation According to Left Atrial Structure and Function: The AMIO-CAT Trial. (The American journal of cardiology)
Article 3: Rising Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease Mortality Among Young Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2024. (The American journal of cardiology)
Article 4: Iron regulatory proteins secure iron availability in skeletal muscle to preserve exercise tolerance in heart failure. (Cardiovascular research)
Article 5: Oxidized LDL-induced FOXS1 mediates cholesterol transport dysfunction and inflammasome activation to drive aortic valve calcification. (Cardiovascular research)
Full episode page: https://podcast.explainheart.com/podcast/hypertension-kills-young-adults-a-u-s-crisis-09-27-25/
Featured Articles
Article 1: Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Following TAVR: Long-Term Comparative Outcomes Versus Non-SAVR Cardiac Surgery.
Journal: The American journal of cardiology
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41005597
Summary: This study, using the TriNetX network, compared surgical aortic valve replacement after transcatheter aortic valve replacement with other open-heart surgeries. After propensity score matching, no significant differences in mortality were observed between the two groups at three and five years. This suggests that surgical aortic valve replacement following transcatheter aortic valve replacement does not pose a significantly higher long-term mortality risk compared to other cardiac surgeries.
Article 2: Effect of Amiodarone after Catheter Ablation According to Left Atrial Structure and Function: The AMIO-CAT Trial.
Journal: The American journal of cardiology
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41005596
Summary: This post-hoc analysis of the A.M.I.O.-C.A.T. trial investigated whether left atrial structure and function modify the effect of amiodarone in preventing atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. The study found that short-term amiodarone after catheter ablation reduces atrial fibrillation recurrence, but this effect is not significantly modified by left atrial size or function. These results do not support tailoring amiodarone use post-ablation based on left atrial characteristics.
Article 3: Rising Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease Mortality Among Young Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2024.
Journal: The American journal of cardiology
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41005594
Summary: Analysis of national mortality data from 1999 to 2024 reveals a concerning increase in hypertensive heart disease mortality among U.S. adults aged 15 to 44. This rise was observed across various demographic subgroups, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies for hypertension in younger populations to curb cardiovascular mortality. Further studies are needed to find the cause for the increase.
Article 4: Iron regulatory proteins secure iron availability in skeletal muscle to preserve exercise tolerance in heart failure.
Journal: Cardiovascular research
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40994366
Summary: This study explored the role of iron regulatory proteins in skeletal muscle function and exercise capacity in heart failure. The researchers found that skeletal muscle iron deficiency is associated with inactivation of iron regulatory proteins one and two, which impacts exercise tolerance in heart failure. Maintaining iron availability in skeletal muscle via iron regulatory proteins may be a therapeutic target to improve exercise capacity in heart failure patients.
Article 5: Oxidized LDL-induced FOXS1 mediates cholesterol transport dysfunction and inflammasome activation to drive aortic valve calcification.
Journal: Cardiovascular research
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40990096
Summary: This research identifies the transcription factor F.O.X.S.1 in human valvular interstitial cells as a crucial regulator in aortic valve calcification. The study found that oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces F.O.X.S.1, which mediates cholesterol transport dysfunction and inflammasome activation, promoting aortic valve calcification. Targeting F.O.X.S.1 could offer a potential therapeutic avenue for preventing or slowing the progression of calcific aortic valve disease.
Transcript
Today’s date is September 27, 2025. Welcome to Cardiology Today. Here are the latest research findings.
Article number one. Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement Following TAVR: Long-Term Comparative Outcomes Versus Non-SAVR Cardiac Surgery. This study, using the TriNetX network, compared surgical aortic valve replacement after transcatheter aortic valve replacement with other open-heart surgeries. After propensity score matching, no significant differences in mortality were observed between the two groups at three and five years. This suggests that surgical aortic valve replacement following transcatheter aortic valve replacement does not pose a significantly higher long-term mortality risk compared to other cardiac surgeries.
Article number two. Effect of Amiodarone after Catheter Ablation According to Left Atrial Structure and Function: The AMIO-CAT Trial. This post-hoc analysis of the A.M.I.O.-C.A.T. trial investigated whether left atrial structure and function modify the effect of amiodarone in preventing atrial fibrillation recurrence after catheter ablation. The study found that short-term amiodarone after catheter ablation reduces atrial fibrillation recurrence, but this effect is not significantly modified by left atrial size or function. These results do not support tailoring amiodarone use post-ablation based on left atrial characteristics.
Article number three. Rising Burden of Hypertensive Heart Disease Mortality Among Young Adults in the United States, 1999 to 2024. Analysis of national mortality data from 1999 to 2024 reveals a concerning increase in hypertensive heart disease mortality among U.S. adults aged 15 to 44. This rise was observed across various demographic subgroups, highlighting the need for targeted prevention and treatment strategies for hypertension in younger populations to curb cardiovascular mortality. Further studies are needed to find the cause for the increase.
Article number four. Iron regulatory proteins secure iron availability in skeletal muscle to preserve exercise tolerance in heart failure. This study explored the role of iron regulatory proteins in skeletal muscle function and exercise capacity in heart failure. The researchers found that skeletal muscle iron deficiency is associated with inactivation of iron regulatory proteins one and two, which impacts exercise tolerance in heart failure. Maintaining iron availability in skeletal muscle via iron regulatory proteins may be a therapeutic target to improve exercise capacity in heart failure patients.
Article number five. Oxidized L.D.L.-induced F.O.X.S.1 mediates cholesterol transport dysfunction and inflammasome activation to drive aortic valve calcification. This research identifies the transcription factor F.O.X.S.1 in human valvular interstitial cells as a crucial regulator in aortic valve calcification. The study found that oxidized low-density lipoprotein induces F.O.X.S.1, which mediates cholesterol transport dysfunction and inflammasome activation, promoting aortic valve calcification. Targeting F.O.X.S.1 could offer a potential therapeutic avenue for preventing or slowing the progression of calcific aortic valve disease.
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Keywords
amiodarone, mortality, exercise tolerance, atrial fibrillation, recurrence, heart failure, open-heart surgery, catheter ablation, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, hypertension, skeletal muscle, iron deficiency, surgical aortic valve replacement, aortic valve disease, left atrial structure, aortic valve calcification, hypertensive heart disease, iron regulatory proteins, valvular interstitial cells, inflammasome, young adults, oxidized L.D.L., cardiovascular disease, F.O.X.S.1.
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