Welcome to Cardiology Today – Recorded October 18, 2025. This episode summarizes 5 key cardiology studies on topics like heart failure hospitalization and modifiable risk factors. Key takeaway: Causal Factors for Bradyarrhythmia Revealed.
Article Links:
Article 1: Outcomes of moderate mixed aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation. (European heart journal)
Article 2: Urinary tract infection and continuation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients. (European heart journal)
Article 3: Angina after percutaneous coronary interventions. (European heart journal)
Article 4: Prospective multicentre single-arm study of an interatrial shunt in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (SUSTAIN-HF): 1-year clinical and haemodynamic outcomes. (Heart (British Cardiac Society))
Article 5: Association between Modifiable Risk Factors and Bradyarrhythmia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. (Heart rhythm)
Full episode page: https://podcast.explainheart.com/podcast/causal-factors-for-bradyarrhythmia-revealed-10-18-25/
Featured Articles
Article 1: Outcomes of moderate mixed aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation.
Journal: European heart journal
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41104570
Summary: This study investigates mortality outcomes in patients with moderate mixed aortic valve disease (M.A.V.D.), characterized by both moderate aortic stenosis (A.S.) and moderate aortic regurgitation (A.R.). The research compares survival rates of these patients against those with isolated severe A.S. or severe A.R. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of symptoms or a left ventricular ejection fraction (L.V.E.F.) below 50 percent on patient prognosis in M.A.V.D. These findings provide critical data to inform clinical guidelines, which currently lack specific recommendations for aortic valve replacement (A.V.R.) in this particular population.
Article 2: Urinary tract infection and continuation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients.
Journal: European heart journal
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41104542
Summary: This territory-wide cohort study assessed the clinical impact of incident urinary tract infection (U.T.I.) and subsequent discontinuation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (S.G.L.T.2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It specifically examined primary cardiovascular composite outcomes, including heart failure hospitalization, stroke, and myocardial infarction. The research offers crucial insights into the real-world management of S.G.L.T.2 inhibitor therapy following U.T.I. and its implications for long-term cardiovascular protection. The findings underscore the importance of carefully considering S.G.L.T.2 inhibitor continuation post-U.T.I. to optimize patient benefits.
Article 3: Angina after percutaneous coronary interventions.
Journal: European heart journal
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41104537
Summary: This review addresses the persistent or recurrent angina that can occur after percutaneous coronary intervention (P.C.I.) for stable coronary artery disease, a common and often underexplored clinical issue. It highlights the significant gap in current clinical practice guidelines regarding the causative diagnosis, effective prevention, and optimal management strategies for this condition. The article aims to enhance understanding of this problem, which frequently undermines the primary goal of P.C.I. to alleviate anginal symptoms. This work establishes a clear need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic pathways to address post-P.C.I. angina and enhance patient quality of life.
Article 4: Prospective multicentre single-arm study of an interatrial shunt in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (SUSTAIN-HF): 1-year clinical and haemodynamic outcomes.
Journal: Heart (British Cardiac Society)
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41107031
Summary: The S.U.S.T.A.I.N.-H.F. study, a prospective, multicenter, single-arm cohort, evaluated the 1-year clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of an interatrial shunt device in 120 symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HeF.rE.F.) patients. Participants, all with a left ventricular ejection fraction (L.V.E.F.) of 40 percent or less and on guideline-directed medical therapy, received the device. This study establishes crucial evidence for the safety and efficacy profile of this interventional strategy for HeF.rE.F., demonstrating its potential as a novel therapeutic option. The findings provide valuable data supporting further investigation and potential clinical application of interatrial shunts to improve patient outcomes.
Article 5: Association between Modifiable Risk Factors and Bradyarrhythmia: A Mendelian Randomization Study.
Journal: Heart rhythm
PubMed Link: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41106528
Summary: This Mendelian randomization study investigated the causal associations between several modifiable risk factors and bradyarrhythmia, with the goal of identifying primary prevention strategies. Summary statistical data for modifiable risk factors and bradyarrhythmia were sourced from European-ancestry G.W.A.S. (genome-wide association studies) datasets. Univariable, multivariable, and mediation Mendelian randomization analyses were meticulously performed to identify specific causal links. This research establishes foundational evidence for developing targeted primary prevention strategies for bradyarrhythmia by pinpointing key modifiable risk factors.
Transcript
Today’s date is October 18, 2025. Welcome to Cardiology Today. Here are the latest research findings.
Article number one. Outcomes of moderate mixed aortic valve stenosis and regurgitation. This study investigates mortality outcomes in patients with moderate mixed aortic valve disease (M.A.V.D.), characterized by both moderate aortic stenosis (A.S.) and moderate aortic regurgitation (A.R.). The research compares survival rates of these patients against those with isolated severe A.S. or severe A.R. Furthermore, it evaluates the impact of symptoms or a left ventricular ejection fraction (L.V.E.F.) below 50 percent on patient prognosis in M.A.V.D. These findings provide critical data to inform clinical guidelines, which currently lack specific recommendations for aortic valve replacement (A.V.R.) in this particular population.
Article number two. Urinary tract infection and continuation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors in diabetic patients. This territory-wide cohort study assessed the clinical impact of incident urinary tract infection (U.T.I.) and subsequent discontinuation of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (S.G.L.T.2) inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It specifically examined primary cardiovascular composite outcomes, including heart failure hospitalization, stroke, and myocardial infarction. The research offers crucial insights into the real-world management of S.G.L.T.2 inhibitor therapy following U.T.I. and its implications for long-term cardiovascular protection. The findings underscore the importance of carefully considering S.G.L.T.2 inhibitor continuation post-U.T.I. to optimize patient benefits.
Article number three. Angina after percutaneous coronary interventions. This review addresses the persistent or recurrent angina that can occur after percutaneous coronary intervention (P.C.I.) for stable coronary artery disease, a common and often underexplored clinical issue. It highlights the significant gap in current clinical practice guidelines regarding the causative diagnosis, effective prevention, and optimal management strategies for this condition. The article aims to enhance understanding of this problem, which frequently undermines the primary goal of P.C.I. to alleviate anginal symptoms. This work establishes a clear need for improved diagnostic and therapeutic pathways to address post-P.C.I. angina and enhance patient quality of life.
Article number four. Prospective multicentre single-arm study of an interatrial shunt in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (SUSTAIN-HF): 1-year clinical and haemodynamic outcomes. The S.U.S.T.A.I.N.-H.F. study, a prospective, multicenter, single-arm cohort, evaluated the 1-year clinical and hemodynamic outcomes of an interatrial shunt device in 120 symptomatic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HeF.rE.F.) patients. Participants, all with a left ventricular ejection fraction (L.V.E.F.) of 40 percent or less and on guideline-directed medical therapy, received the device. This study establishes crucial evidence for the safety and efficacy profile of this interventional strategy for HeF.rE.F., demonstrating its potential as a novel therapeutic option. The findings provide valuable data supporting further investigation and potential clinical application of interatrial shunts to improve patient outcomes.
Article number five. Association between Modifiable Risk Factors and Bradyarrhythmia: A Mendelian Randomization Study. This Mendelian randomization study investigated the causal associations between several modifiable risk factors and bradyarrhythmia, with the goal of identifying primary prevention strategies. Summary statistical data for modifiable risk factors and bradyarrhythmia were sourced from European-ancestry G.W.A.S. (genome-wide association studies) datasets. Univariable, multivariable, and mediation Mendelian randomization analyses were meticulously performed to identify specific causal links. This research establishes foundational evidence for developing targeted primary prevention strategies for bradyarrhythmia by pinpointing key modifiable risk factors.
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Keywords
heart failure hospitalization, modifiable risk factors, hemodynamic outcomes, guideline-directed medical therapy, post-P.C.I. complications, genome-wide association studies, urinary tract infection, stable coronary artery disease, Mendelian randomization, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors, mixed aortic valve disease, cardiovascular outcomes, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, angina management, angina, aortic stenosis, bradyarrhythmia, HeF.rE.F., interatrial shunt, aortic regurgitation, type 2 diabetes mellitus, aortic valve replacement, left ventricular ejection fraction, primary prevention, percutaneous coronary intervention.
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